Anti-inflammatory medications - nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Supporting Research

Acuna-Castroviejo D, Escames G, Rodriguez MI, Lopez LC. Melatonin role in the mitochondrial function. Front Biosci. 2007;12:947-63.

Agarwal R. Nonhematological benefits of iron. Am J Nephrol. 2007;27(6):565-71.

Altun A, Ugur-Altun B. Melatonin: therapeutic and clinical utilization. Int J Clin Pract. 2007;61(5):835-45.

Ames BN. Micronutrient deficiencies: A major cause of DNA damage. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2000;889:87-106.

Baggott, JE, et al. Inhibition of folate-dependent enzymes by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Biochem J. 282(Pt.I):197-202, 1992.

Elling H, Kiilerich S, Sabro J, Elling P. Influence of a non-steroid anti-rheumatic drug on serum and urinary zinc in healthy volunteers. Scand J Rheumatol. 1980;9:161-163.

Hambidge M. Human zinc deficiency. J Nutr. 2000;130(5S Suppl):1344S-1349S.

Lewy AJ, Emens J, Jackman A, Yuhas K. Circadian uses of melatonin in humans. Chronobiol Int. 2006;23(1-2):403-12.

Maret W, Sandstead HH. Zinc requirements and the risks and benefits of zinc supplementation. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2006;20(1):3-18.

Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G, Cattaruzza T, Scapicchio PL. Vitamin B12 and folate depletion: clinical evidence in a neurological population. Neurologist. 2004;10(6):338-43.

Pelton R, LaValle J, Hawkins EB, et al. Drug Induced Nutrient Depletion Handbook. Hudson, OH:LexiComp, Inc.;2001:425-427.

Piccirillo JF. Melatonin. Prog Brain Res. 2007;166:331-3.

Powell SR. The antioxidant properties of zinc. J Nutr. 2000;130(5S Suppl):1447S-54S.

Reiter RJ. Melatonin: clinical relevance. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;17(2):273-85.

Rommell T, Demisch L. Influence of chronic beta-adrenoreceptor blocker treatment on melatonin secretion and sleep quality in patients with essential hypertension. J Neural Transm [Gen Sect]. 1994;95:39-48.

Tubek S, Grzanka P, Tubek I. Role of Zinc in Hemostasis: A Review. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2007; [Epub ahead of print].

Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Contribution of selected vitamins and trace elements to immune function. Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51(4):301-23.

Zimmermann MB, Hurrell RF. Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet. 2007;370(9586):511-20.

Overview

Depletions

Depleted levels of iron may lead to anemia and weakened immune function. In the event of anemia, symptoms include dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin color, and possibly irregular heartbeat.

Reduced levels of melatonin in the body have been associated with sleep disturbances and jet lag.

Low levels of folic acid have been linked to anemia, heart disease, and birth defects.

Signs and symptoms of zinc deficiency include loss of appetite or sense of taste, growth retardation, skin changes, and increased susceptibility to infection.

Editorial Note

The selected depletions information presented here identifies some of the nutrients that may be depleted by certain medications. The signs and symptoms associated with nutrient deficiency may also indicate conditions other than nutrient deficiency. If you are experiencing any of the signs or symptoms mentioned, it does not necessarily mean that you are nutrient deficient. Nutrient depletion depends upon a number of factors, including your medical history, diet, and lifestyle, as well as the length of time you have been taking the medication. Please consult your health care provider; he or she can best assess and address your individual health care needs and determine if you are at risk for nutrient depletions from these medications, as well as others not listed here.

Selected Medications

• Diclofenac
  • Cataflam Oral
  • Solaraze Topical
  • Voltaren Ophthalmic
  • Voltaren Oral
  • Voltaren-XR Oral
• Diflunisal
  • Dolobid
• Etodolac
  • Lodine
  • Lodine XL
• Fenoprofen
  • Nalfon
• Ibuprofen
  • Advil Migraine Liqui-Gels[OTC]
  • Advil[OTC]
  • Children's Advil Oral Suspension[OTC]
  • Children's Motrin Oral Suspension[OTC]
  • Genpril[OTC]
  • Haltran[OTC]
  • Junior Strength Motrin[OTC]
  • Menadol[OTC]
  • Midol IB[OTC]
  • Motrin
  • Motrin IB [OTC]
  • Motrin Migraine Pain[OTC]
  • Nuprin[OTC]
• Indomethacin
  • Indocin
• Ketoprofen
  • Actron[OTC]
  • Orudis
  • Orudis KT[OTC]
  • Oruvail
• Meclofenamate
  • Meclomen
• Nabumetone
  • Relafen
• Naproxen
  • Aleve[OTC]
  • Anaprox
  • EC Naprosyn
  • Naprelan
  • Naprosyn
• Oxaprozin
  • Daypro
• Piroxicam
  • Feldene
• Sulindac
  • Clinoril
• Tolmetin
  • Tolectin
  • Tolectin DS

Alternative Names