Definition

Anoscopy is a method to view the rectal area, including the anus, anal canal, and lower rectum.

How the test is performed

A digital rectal exam is first done to make sure there isn't anything blocking the rectal area. After this is done, a lubricated instrument (anoscope) is placed a few inches into the rectum. You will feel some pressure when this is done.

The anoscope has a light on the end, so the health care provider can see the entire anal canal. A specimen for biopsy can be taken if needed.

How to prepare for the test

A laxative, enema, or other preparation may be given prior to the procedure so that you can completely empty your bowels.

How the test will feel

There will be some pressure during the procedure, and you may feel the need to have a bowel movement. You may feel a pinch when a biopsy is taken.

Why the test is performed

This test may be used to determine whether you have hemorrhoids, anal polyps, tumors, inflammation, fissures, or infection.

Normal Values

The anal canal appears normal in size, color, and tone. There is no evidence of bleeding, polyps, hemorrhoids, or other abnormal tissue.

What abnormal results mean

Abnormal results may indicate hemorrhoids, an abscess, inflammation, infection, fissures, tumors, or polyps (benign or malignant).

What the risks are

There are few risks. If a biopsy is needed, there is a slight risk of bleeding and mild pain.

Special considerations

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